Health Safety and Security at Workplace Notes
Policies and Procedures for Health, Safety, and Security
Every workplace has rules to keep people safe and healthy. These rules are called policies and procedures. They help to make sure that everyone knows what to do in case of accidents or dangerous situations. These policies cover how to handle equipment, what to do in emergencies, and how to avoid injuries.
Reasons for Health, Safety, and Security Programs or Policies in the Workplace
Health, safety, and security programs are important because:
- They protect workers from getting hurt.
- They prevent accidents and damage to property.
- They create a safe environment for everyone to work in.
- They help businesses avoid legal problems and fines.
- They make employees feel safe and valued.
Workplace Safety Hazards
A hazard is anything that can cause harm. Hazards at the workplace can lead to injuries or even death if not handled properly. There are different types of hazards such as:
- Physical hazards like machinery or heavy objects.
- Health hazards like exposure to harmful chemicals.
- Electrical hazards from faulty wiring or equipment.
Physical Hazards
These hazards can cause injuries if you are not careful. They include:
- Sharp tools or objects that can cut you.
- Heavy machinery that can cause accidents.
- Slippery floors that can make you fall.
Falling Off Heights, Slipping, and Tripping
One of the most common workplace accidents is falling from a height, like off a ladder. Slipping on wet floors or tripping over wires and loose objects can also lead to injuries. It is important to wear proper shoes and keep walkways clear to prevent falls.
Electrical Hazards
Electrical hazards can happen if you touch a live wire, use damaged equipment, or work near electrical systems without safety measures. This can cause electric shocks or even fires. It is important to:
- Check all wires and equipment before use.
- Never touch electrical items with wet hands.
Fire Hazards
Fires can start in a workplace due to faulty wiring, flammable materials, or accidents. Fire hazards can be very dangerous, but they can be avoided by:
- Keeping the workplace clean and free from clutter.
- Having fire extinguishers and knowing how to use them.
- Knowing emergency exit routes.
Health Hazards
These are hazards that affect your health over time. They can include:
- Exposure to chemicals, dust, or fumes.
- Working in loud environments without ear protection.
- Not having proper ventilation, which can lead to breathing problems.
Potential Sources of Hazards in an Organisation
Some common places where hazards can occur are:
- Machinery rooms where heavy equipment is used.
- Storage areas where items are stacked or chemicals are kept.
- Office areas where wires and cables are spread around.
- Kitchens in workplaces where hot surfaces and knives are used.
Hazards Using Computers
Even using computers can have risks. Some hazards include:
- Eye strain from looking at screens for too long.
- Back pain from sitting in the wrong position.
- Hand pain from typing or using the mouse too much. To prevent this, workers should:
- Take breaks.
- Sit in a comfortable chair.
- Position the screen at eye level.
Handling Office Equipment
Handling office equipment like photocopiers, printers, or shredders can cause injuries if used incorrectly. It’s important to:
- Follow instructions for using the equipment.
- Turn off machines when not in use.
- Avoid touching moving parts.
Handling Objects
Lifting or moving heavy objects can lead to back injuries. To stay safe:
- Always bend your knees and keep your back straight when lifting.
- Ask for help if something is too heavy.
- Use trolleys or other equipment to move heavy items.
Stress at Work
Stress can happen when there is too much work or pressure. It can affect your health and make it hard to concentrate. Some ways to manage stress include:
- Taking short breaks during work.
- Talking to someone if you’re feeling overwhelmed.
- Doing exercises or breathing techniques to relax.
Working Environment
A good working environment is safe, clean, and comfortable. Proper lighting, ventilation, and noise control are important for the health of workers. An unsafe environment can lead to accidents or health problems.
Hazard Control
Hazard control means finding ways to reduce or remove risks at the workplace. Some methods of controlling hazards include:
- Elimination: Removing the hazard completely.
- Substitution: Replacing a dangerous item with something safer.
- Engineering controls: Changing the workplace setup to reduce risks (e.g., using barriers or ventilation).
- Administrative controls: Creating rules or schedules to limit exposure to hazards.
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Using safety gear like helmets, gloves, or masks.
Safety Guidelines Checklist
A checklist can help workers follow safety rules. Some items on the checklist could be:
- Are all safety signs in place?
- Is the workplace clean and free from obstacles?
- Are emergency exits clear?
- Are workers wearing protective equipment?
- Are all electrical items in good condition?