Fun with Chemistry: Electronic Configuration Project using Python for Class 11 CS
In this post, we’ll explore a simple Python program that helps you find the electronic configuration of elements using their atomic number or symbol. It’s perfect for learning Python basics like functions, loops, and error handling while diving into a cool chemistry topic. Let’s break it down step by step in easy language!
What Does This Program Do?
This Python program lets you:
- Enter an element’s atomic number (like 1 for Hydrogen) or symbol (like “H”).
- Get its electronic configuration (how electrons are arranged in its orbits).
- Try again if you want or stop when you’re done.
The Source Code
# Import sleep function
from time import sleep
# Do in 'try' and except not to get error
try:
# Print heading
print(" --- :Chemistry with Python = :) :--")
# Global indentifiers used in program
AtNo = ""
atno = ""
# define function to get data from user
def get_input_at_no():
global AtNo, atno
atno = int(
input("\n \t Enter Atomic number of element..\n \t ==================================\n\n\t>>> "))
print('')
AtNo = atno
sleep(5)
# define function to get data from user
def get_input_at_sym():
global AtNo, atno
symb = ['H', "He", 'Li', "Be", "B", "C", "N", "O", "F", 'Ne', 'Na', 'Mg', 'Al', 'Si', 'P', 'S', 'Cl', 'Ar', 'K',
'Ca', 'Sc', 'Ti', 'V',
'Cr', 'Mn', 'Fe', 'Co', 'Ni', 'Cu', 'Zn', 'Ga', 'Ge', 'As', 'Se', 'Br', 'Kr', 'Rb', 'Sr', 'Y', 'Zr',
'Nb', 'Mo', 'Tc', 'Ru',
'Rh', 'Pd', 'Ag', 'Cd', 'In', 'Sn', 'Sb', 'Te', 'I', 'Xe', 'Cs', 'Ba', 'La', 'Ce', 'Pr', 'Nd', 'Pm',
'Sm', 'Eu', 'Gd', 'Tb',
'Dy', 'Ho', 'Er', 'Tm', 'Yb', 'Lu', 'Hf', 'Ta', 'W', 'Re', 'Os', 'Ir', 'Pt', 'Au', 'Hg', 'Tl', 'Pb',
'Bi', 'Po', 'At', 'Rn',
'Fr', 'Ra', 'Ac', 'Th', 'Pa', 'U', 'Np', 'Pu', 'Am', 'Cm', 'Bk', 'Cf', 'Es', 'Fm', 'Md', 'No', 'Lr',
'Rf', 'Ha', 'Unh', 'Ns',
'Hs', 'Mt', 'Uun', 'Uuu', 'Uub', 'Uut', 'Uuq', 'Uup', 'UUh', 'Uus', "Uuo"]
symbo = input("\n \t Enter Atomic symbol of element..\n \t =================================\n\n\t>>> ")
print('')
if len(symbo) == 1:
symbo = symbo.capitalize()
elif len(symbo) == 2:
symbo = symbo.__getitem__(0).capitalize() + symbo.__getitem__(1).lower()
elif len(symbo) == 3:
symbo = symbo.__getitem__(0).capitalize() + symbo.__getitem__(1).lower() + symbo.__getitem__(2).lower()
AtNo = int(symb.index(symbo)) + 1
atno = AtNo
sleep(5)
# define function for 3d electronic config
def ele_con():
global AtNo
orb = ['1s', '2s', '2p', '3s', '3p', '4s', '3d', '4p', '5s', '4d', '5p', '6s', '4f', '5d', '6p', '7s', '5f',
'6d', '7p']
if AtNo == 24:
print(' 1s 2', '2s 2', '2p 6', '3s 2', '3p 6', '3d 5', '4s 1', sep=' , ')
elif AtNo == 29:
print(' 1s 2', '2s 2', '2p 6', '3s 2', '3p 6', '3d 10', '4s 1', sep=' , ')
elif AtNo == 41:
print(' 1s 2', '2s 2', '2p 6', '3s 2', '3p 6', '3d 10', '4s 2', '4p 6', '4d 4', '5s 1', sep=' , ')
elif AtNo == 42:
print(' 1s 2', '2s 2', '2p 6', '3s 2', '3p 6', '3d 10', '4s 2', '4p 6',
'4d 5', '5s 1', sep=' , ')
elif AtNo == 44:
print(' 1s 2', '2s 2', '2p 6', '3s 2', '3p 6', '3d 10', '4s 2', '4p 6',
'4d 7', '5s 1', sep=' , ')
elif AtNo == 45:
print(' 1s 2', '2s 2', '2p 6', '3s 2', '3p 6', '3d 10', '4s 2', '4p 6',
'4d 8', '5s 1', sep=' , ')
elif AtNo == 46:
print(' 1s 2', '2s 2', '2p 6', '3s 2', '3p 6', '3d 10', '4s 2', '4p 6',
'4d 10', '5s 0', sep=' , ')
elif AtNo == 47:
print(' 1s 2\n', '2s 2\n', '2p 6\n', '3s 2\n', '3p 6\n', '3d 10\n', '4s 2\n', '4p 6\n',
'4d 10\n', '5s 1', sep=' , ')
elif AtNo == 57:
print(' 1s 2', '2s 2', '2p 6', '3s 2', '3p 6', '3d 10', '4s 2', '4p 6', '4d 10', '5s 2',
'5p 6',
'5d 1', '6s 2', sep=' , ')
elif AtNo == 58:
print(' 1s 2', '2s 2', '2p 6', '3s 2', '3p 6', '3d 10', '4s 2', '4p 6', '4d 10', '5s 2',
'5p 6',
'4f 1', '5d 1', '6s 2', sep=' , ')
elif AtNo == 64:
print(' 1s 2', '2s 2', '2p 6', '3s 2', '3p 6', '3d 10', '4s 2', '4p 6', '4d 10', '5s 2',
'5p 6',
'4f 7', '5d 1', '6s 2', sep=' , ')
elif AtNo == 78:
print(' 1s 2', '2s 2', '2p 6', '3s 2', '3p 6', '3d 10', '4s 2', '4p 6', '4d 10', '5s 2',
'5p 6',
'4f 14', '5d 9', '6s 1', sep=' , ')
elif AtNo == 79:
print(' 1s 2', '2s 2', '2p 6', '3s 2', '3p 6', '3d 10', '4s 2', '4p 6', '4d 10', '5s 2',
'5p 6',
'4f 14', '5d 10', '6s 1', sep=' , ')
else:
for i in orb:
if i.__getitem__(1) == 's':
if AtNo <= 2:
print(i, AtNo)
break
else:
print(i, 2, end=' , ')
AtNo = AtNo - 2
if AtNo <= 0:
break
elif i.__getitem__(1) == 'p':
if AtNo <= 6:
print(i, AtNo)
break
else:
print(i, 6, end=' , ')
AtNo = AtNo - 6
if AtNo <= 0:
break
elif i.__getitem__(1) == 'd':
if AtNo <= 10:
print(i, AtNo)
break
else:
print(i, 10, end=' , ')
AtNo = AtNo - 10
if AtNo <= 0:
break
elif i.__getitem__(1) == 'f':
if AtNo <= 14:
print(i, AtNo)
break
else:
print(i, 14, end=' , ')
AtNo = AtNo - 14
if AtNo <= 0:
break
# define function for 2d electronic config
def elecon():
global AtNo
if AtNo <= 2:
if AtNo == 2:
print("Noble gas Electronic Configurations: ", AtNo)
else:
print("Electronic Configurations: ", AtNo)
elif 2 < AtNo <= 10:
if AtNo == 10:
print("Noble gas Electronic Configurations: 2 ,", (AtNo - 2))
else:
print("Electronic Configurations: 2 ,", (AtNo - 2))
elif 10 < AtNo <= 18:
if AtNo == 18:
print("Noble gas Electronic Configurations: 2 , 8 ,", (AtNo - 2 - 8))
else:
print("Electronic Configurations: 2 , 8 ,", (AtNo - 2 - 8))
elif 18 < AtNo <= 36:
if AtNo == 36:
print("Noble gas Electronic Configurations: 2 , 8 , 18 ,", (AtNo - 2 - 8 - 18))
elif 21 <= AtNo <= 30:
print("Electronic Configurations : Unavailable")
elif AtNo == 19 or 20:
print("Electronic Configurations: 2 , 8 , 8 ,", (AtNo - 18))
else:
print("Electronic Configurations : 2 , 8 , 18 ,", (AtNo - 2 - 18 - 8))
elif 36 < AtNo <= 54:
if AtNo == 54:
print("Noble gas Electronic Configurations: 2 , 8 , 18 , 18 ,", (AtNo - 2 - 8 - 18 - 18))
elif 39 <= AtNo <= 48:
print("Electronic Configurations : Unavailable")
elif AtNo == 37 or 38:
print("Electronic Configurations: 2 , 8 , 18 , 18 ,", (AtNo - 36))
else:
print("Electronic Configurations: 2 , 8 , 18 , 18 ,", (AtNo - 2 - 8 - 18 - 18))
elif 54 < AtNo <= 86:
if AtNo == 86:
print("Noble gas Electronic Configurations: 2 , 8 , 18 , 32 , 18 ,", (AtNo - 2 - 8 - 18 - 32 - 18))
elif 57 <= AtNo <= 80:
print("Electronic Configurations : Unavailable")
elif AtNo == 55 or 56:
print("Electronic Configurations: 2 , 8 , 18 , 32 , 18 ,", (AtNo - 54))
else:
print("Electronic Configurations: 2 , 8 , 18 , 32 , 18 ,", (AtNo - 2 - 8 - 18 - 32 - 18))
elif AtNo > 87:
print("Electronic Configurations : Unavailable")
# define function for symbols of element
def symbol():
global AtNo
symb = ['H', "He", 'Li', "Be", "B", "C", "N", "O", "F", 'Ne', 'Na', 'Mg', 'Al', 'Si', 'P', 'S', 'Cl', 'Ar', 'K',
'Ca', 'Sc', 'Ti', 'V',
'Cr', 'Mn', 'Fe', 'Co', 'Ni', 'Cu', 'Zn', 'Ga', 'Ge', 'As', 'Se', 'Br', 'Kr', 'Rb', 'Sr', 'Y', 'Zr',
'Nb', 'Mo', 'Tc', 'Ru',
'Rh', 'Pd', 'Ag', 'Cd', 'In', 'Sn', 'Sb', 'Te', 'I', 'Xe', 'Cs', 'Ba', 'La', 'Ce', 'Pr', 'Nd', 'Pm',
'Sm', 'Eu', 'Gd', 'Tb',
'Dy', 'Ho', 'Er', 'Tm', 'Yb', 'Lu', 'Hf', 'Ta', 'W', 'Re', 'Os', 'Ir', 'Pt', 'Au', 'Hg', 'Tl', 'Pb',
'Bi', 'Po', 'At', 'Rn',
'Fr', 'Ra', 'Ac', 'Th', 'Pa', 'U', 'Np', 'Pu', 'Am', 'Cm', 'Bk', 'Cf', 'Es', 'Fm', 'Md', 'No', 'Lr',
'Rf', 'Ha', 'Unh', 'Ns',
'Hs', 'Mt', 'Uun', 'Uuu', 'Uub', 'Uut', 'Uuq', 'Uup', 'UUh', 'Uus', "Uuo"]
print('\n Atomic Symbol :', symb.__getitem__(AtNo - 1), "\n\n Electronic Configurations : --")
# define function for run all code
def give_the_final_result():
get_input = int(input("\n\t1. Get Electronic Configuration by Atomic No.\
\n\n\t2. Get Electronic Configuration by Atomic Symbol.\n\n(1/2)>>> "))
if get_input == 1:
get_input_at_no()
if 0 >= AtNo > 118:
print("Invalid Atomic No")
else:
elecon()
symbol()
ele_con()
print('\nAtomic No =', atno)
sleep(5)
elif get_input == 2:
get_input_at_sym()
elecon()
symbol()
ele_con()
print('\nAtomic No =', atno)
sleep(5)
else:
sleep(5)
print("\n Enter 1 or 2 not else..")
give_the_final_result()
def try_again_or_not(name):
inn = input(f'\n Try {name} \n (y/n)>>> ')
if inn.lower() == 'y':
give_the_final_result()
elif inn.lower() == 'n':
sleep(1)
else:
try_again_or_not('another')
give_the_final_result()
try_again_or_not('another')
except:
print("Invalid Input")
try_again_or_not('again')
sleep(5)
Example Output
It’s like a chemistry helper built with code! Let’s see how it works.
How It Works: Step-by-Step
Let’s break this into easy steps so you can understand and use it!
Step 1: Importing Sleep
The program starts by importing sleep from the time module. This makes the program wait for a few seconds (5 seconds) between steps so you can read the output slowly.
Step 2: Adding a Try-Except Block
The whole program is inside a try and except block. This catches any mistakes (like typing the wrong input) and shows a friendly error message instead of crashing.
Step 3: Printing a Fun Heading
It prints a heading: ” — :Chemistry with Python = 🙂 :–” to welcome you!
Step 4: Setting Up Global Variables
It uses two variables, AtNo and atno, to store the atomic number. These are “global” so all functions can use them.
Step 5: Getting Input from User
There are two ways to enter data:
- By Atomic Number: The get_input_at_no() function asks you to type an atomic number (e.g., 1 for Hydrogen). It turns your input into a number and waits 5 seconds.
- By Symbol: The get_input_at_sym() function asks for a symbol (e.g., “H”). It fixes the case (e.g., “h” becomes “H”) and finds the atomic number from a list of symbols.
Step 6: Showing Electronic Configurations
- 2D Config: The elecon() function gives a simple version of the electronic configuration (e.g., “2, 8” for some elements). It checks ranges like 2 to 10 or 10 to 18.
- 3D Config: The elecon() function gives a detailed version (e.g., “1s 2, 2s 2, 2p 6” for some elements). It lists orbitals like “1s,” “2p,” etc., with electron counts.
Step 7: Showing the Symbol
The symbol() function uses the atomic number to find and print the element’s symbol from a list.
Step 8: Running the Program
The give_the_final_result() function:
- Asks if you want to use an atomic number (1) or symbol (2).
- Runs the right functions based on your choice.
- Shows the configuration, symbol, and atomic number, then waits 5 seconds.
Step 9: Trying Again
The try_again_or_not() function asks if you want to try another element (type “y” for yes or “n” for no). If you type something else, it asks again.
Why Is This Great for Class 11 CS?
- Easy to Learn: It uses functions, loops, and error handling—key topics in Class 11!
- Fun Topic: Mixing chemistry with coding makes it exciting.
- Hands-On: You can test it with different elements.