Decision Making in Python for Beginners (CBSE Class 11-12)

Introduction to Decision Making in Python

Welcome, CBSE Class 11-12 students! Decision making in Python is like giving your computer a brain to make choices. It’s about telling Python, “Bhai, agar yeh condition true hai, toh yeh kar, nahi toh woh kar!” This is a key topic for your CBSE exams and helps you write smart programs. Let’s learn it step-by-step!

Why Learn This? : Used in games, apps, and projects—like checking if a student passed or failed.

Keywords to Remember: If statement, if-else, elif, nested if, Python for CBSE.

1. If Statement in Python for Beginners

What is It?: The if statement checks a condition. If it’s true, the code inside runs. Think of it as “agar” in Hindi!

Syntax:

if condition:
    # Code to run if true

Example:

age = 18

if age >= 18:
    
    print("You can vote in elections!

Output:

You can vote in elections!

Tip: Always use a colon : and indent the code (4 spaces).

2. If-Else Statement for CBSE Class 10

What is It?: Adds an “else” part. If the condition is false, else code runs. It’s like “agar nahi toh”!

Syntax:

if condition:
    
    # Code if true

else:
    
    # Code if false

Example:

marks = 35

if marks >= 40:
    
    print("Pass your CBSE exam!")

else:
    
    print("Sorry, try again next time!")

Output:

Sorry, try again next time!

Real-Life Example: If it’s hot (>30°C), print “Drink water!” else print “Weather is cool!”

3. Elif Statement in Python for CBSE Class 11-12

What is It?: Short for “else if,” it checks multiple conditions one by one. Perfect for grading systems!

Syntax:

if condition1:
    
    # Code if true

elif condition2:
    
    # Code if true

else:
    
    # Code if all false

Example:

score = 85

if score >= 90:
    
    print("A+ Grade in CBSE!")

elif score >= 70:
    
    print("A Grade—Well done!")

else:
    
    print("B Grade—Keep practicing!")

Output:

A Grade—Well done!

Tip: Use “elif” when you have more than two options, like marks or weather levels.

4. Nested If Statement for CBSE Class 11-12

What is It?: An “if” inside another “if” to check more conditions. It’s like a decision inside a decision!

Syntax:

if condition1:
    
    if condition2:
        
        # Code if both true

Example:

age = 20

if age >= 18:
    
    if age <= 25:
        
        print("You are a young voter!")
   
    else:
        
        print("Age not in range!")

Output:

You are a young voter!

Real-Life Example: If it’s a holiday and weather is good, print “Go for a picnic!”

Exercises for Python Decision Making (CBSE Practice)

Question 1: Write a program to check if a number is positive. If yes, print “Positive!” else print “Negative!”

Question 2: Create a program to check attendance. If >75%, print “Eligible for exams!” else print “Attend more classes!”

Question 3: Make a weather program. If temperature >30, print “Hot day!” elif 20-30, print “Pleasant!” else print “Cold!”

Solution (Try First!):

Question 1

# Question 1

num = 5

if num > 0:
    
    print("Positive!")

else:
    
    print("Negative!")

  Question 2

# Question 2

attendance = 80

if attendance > 75:
    
    print("Eligible for exams!")

else:
    
    print("Attend more classes!")

Question 3

 # Question 3

temp = 25

if temp > 30:
    
    print("Hot day!")

elif temp >= 20:
    
    print("Pleasant!")

else:
    
    print("Cold!")

CBSE Exam Tips:

Focus on if and if-else—simple programs like age or marks check.

Practice elif and nested if for complex problems (e.g., grading or eligibility).

Common Mistakes:

Forget colon : after if.

Wrong indentation—use 4 spaces.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is an if statement in Python?

It’s a way to run code only if a condition is true.

How to use if-else in CBSE projects?

Use it to handle two outcomes, like pass/fail.

Why nested if is hard?

It has multiple levels—start with simple ones!